PVC cable compounds are composed of polyvinyl chloride resin, stabilizers, plasticizers, fillers, lubricants, antioxidants, colorants, and other additives. Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer formed through the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers via a free-radical polymerization mechanism, initiated by agents such as peroxides or azo compounds, or induced by light and heat. Industrially produced PVC typically possesses a molecular weight ranging from 50,000 to 110,000; it lacks a fixed melting point, begins to soften between 80°C and 85°C, transitions into a viscoelastic state at 130°C, and begins to enter a viscous flow state between 160°C and 180°C.
Polyvinyl chloride exhibits favorable mechanical properties-including a tensile strength of approximately 60 MPa and an impact strength of 5 to 10 kJ/m²-as well as excellent dielectric properties. PVC materials are characterized by superior physical properties, excellent flame retardancy, and resistance to aging, chemical corrosion, impact, water, and oil.